Friday, May 25, 2012

Parshas Bamidbar and Shavuos - To Infinity... and Beyond: Be a Shooting Star!

Thoughts on The Parsha
Parshas Bamidbar
AND
SHAVUOS



To Infinity... and Beyond: Be a Shooting Star!
By: Daniel Listhaus

וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל משֶׁה בְּמִדְבַּר סִינַי בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִי בַּשָּׁנָה הַשֵּׁנִית לְצֵאתָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם לֵאמֹר: שְׂאוּ אֶת רֹאשׁ כָּל עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם לְבֵית אֲבֹתָם בְּמִסְפַּר שֵׁמוֹת כָּל זָכָר לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָם

Hashem spoke to Moshe in the wilderness of Sinai, in the Tent of Meeting, on the first of the second month, in the second year after their exodus from the land of Egypt, saying, 'Take a census of the entire assembly of the B'nei Yisroel according to their families. According to their fathers' house, by number of the names, every male according to their head count...”
-Bamidbar 1:1-2

This was not the first time during the B'nei Yisroel's travels that Hashem counted them. Rashi1 explains that the reason why Hashem counted us so often is because of His great love for us. When Hashem took the B'nei Yisroel out of Mitzrayim, He counted them.2 When B'nei Yisroel committed the cheit ha'egeil (sin of the golden calf), Hashem counted them.3 And in this week's parsha when Hashem came to rest the shechina on B'nei Yisroel he counted them.4

The mishna5 describes that any kohen was allowed to perform the mitzva of terumas hadeshen (removing the ashes from the mizbe'ach [alter]). However, if there was more than one kohen who wanted to do it, then they would race up the mizbe'ach and whoever would get to the top first would get the privilege of performing this mitzvah6. However, if two kohanim would tie in their race to the top, then instead of giving the mitzva to one of them, the s'gan kohen would do as follows. He would gather all the kohanim on duty and stand them in a circle. He would then take off the mitznefes (hat) from one of them and choose a random number. Each kohen would then stick out either one or two fingers, and starting with the hat-less kohen, the s'gan kohen would go around and count the fingers of each kohen until he would reach his chosen number. The kohen on whom the number would fall on would be the one chosen to perform the terumas hadeshen.

The gemara7 asks: Why did the s'gan have to count the kohen's finger? Why not just count the kohanim themselves? The gemara answers that it is forbidden to count Jews. The gemara then continues to pose a contradiction within the first passuk (verse) of this week's haftorah. The passuk8 states, “The number of the B'nei Yisroel shall be like the sand of the sea, which can never be measured nor counted”. As the gemara points out, the first half of this passuk seems to be saying that Jews have a definite number to them and that they could be counted.9 The second half of the passuk, though, seems to be a commandment not to count the B'nei Yisroel. How could this contradiction be resolved?

The gemara proceeds to offer two vague explanations for this contradiction. One of the answers given is that the first half of the passuk is referring to when B'nei Yisroel is not following ratzon Hashem, whereas the second half of the passuk is speaking during times when B'nei Yisroel is following ratzon Hashem. The second answer the gemara gives is that the first half of the passuk, speaking of actually counting B'nei Yisroel, refers to Hashem's perspective, whereas the second half speaks of man's perspective.

What exactly do these answers in the gemara mean?

There is a simple approach one could take in order to understand these answers which would be to plainly explain that the reason we do not count Jews is because it creates an ayin harah (evil eye). The gemara would then be answering that this concern is not one which would be present if either the Jews are following ratzon Hashem, or if it is Hashem Who is the One counting us. However, the medrash and the Kli Yakar have a different approach in dealing with the gemara's answers.

The medrash10 explains that the gemara's first answer means as follows. When Jews are not listening to the ratzon Hashem, then the first half of the passuk is applicable. Someone who refuses to follow in the ways of Hashem might be alive physically and have a number, but the bigger picture is missing. He is therefore nothing more than a person among other people, as a star is only yet another one in the sky. However one who listens to the word of Hashem becomes more than just part of the quantity, and instead becomes someone of quality. One who strives for such goals is indeed one with infinite amount of potential which is beyond belief and is uncountable.

The Kli Yakar11 takes a slightly different approach and in doing so explains the second answer of the gemara in the following way. He writes that in a sense, the counting of a nation is something unique to B'nei Yisroel. As far as the nations of the world are concerned, Hashem has no care of how many or few they are. Imagine someone who is aware that there is a haystack in his backyard. This person has no interest in knowing the number of pieces of straw; all he cares about is the fact that when he looks out his back window, there is a haystack outside. The same is true regarding goyim. Hashem does not particularly care for the specific number of people of any particular nation. They are here to populate the world with humans, just as cows have the purpose of populating the world with cows. There is no preference in the number of goyim or animals for which Hashem has any concern.

The reason for this is not because Hashem does not care about His creations, for that is simply not true. Hashem has mercy and cares for all of his creations.12 Rather, it is because there is no hashgacha p'ratis (individualized divine guidance) by goyim or animals. There is only a general hashgacha which watches whole nations as units. When it comes to B'nei Yisroel, however, it is a completely different story. Hashem has a tremendous love for each and every member of B'nei Yisroel and watches over us as individuals. This is because the potential of each Jew is as great as full nations.13

This, the Kli Yakar continues, is what the second answer of the gemara means. The first half of the passuk in this week's haftorah says, “The number of the B'nei Yisroel”. This is the relationship we have with Hashem. We are not only viewed as one nation, but rather also cared about individually. Each of us has a unique number and part of the Jewish people which Hashem cares deeply about and therefore guides us with hashgacha p'ratis. However, as the second half of the passuk states, we are countless. After all, as far as people are concerned, one could see a small nation and think it is too many to count because of its numbers.

The medrash and the Kli Yakar are each offering wonderful answers, however when one reads them together there is an obvious difficulty. The way that the medrash explains the gemara results in the first half of the passuk being something derogatory – one who does not listen to Hashem is merely a number; while the second half of the passuk is what to strive for – one who follows ratzon Hashem opens the door to limitless potential. Yet, the way the Kli Yakar explains the gemara results in a complete opposite understanding of the passuk. According to the Kli Yakar's understanding, the first part of the passuk is what one must strive for – be a star, make the most of your potential to merit the hashgacha p'ratis of Hashem; while the second half of the passuk describes that an ordinary person is just a part of a crowd and is just viewed as part of a massive nameless and endless group.

Perhaps we could fit these two explanations together by understanding that there is a balance which every Jew must consider. On the one hand, we have so many mitzvos we are tasked with; and, as heavy of a burden we think this is for us, we must come to the realization that it is within our reach and that we have the potential to accomplish tremendous amounts of mitzvos in a lifetime. On the other hand, we must realize that maximizing our potential is only worth something if it is done with the right intentions. Often times, we get so used to doing mitzvos as part of our routine that we begin to go on autopilot. However, waking up each morning with a mental checklist of what we must do to stay in the “Jew-club” is not the real purpose of mitzvos. The real purpose of mitzvos is to build a relationship with Hashem through fulfilling his commandments. This is the real ratzon Hashem.

The passuk14 says that after Moshe finished counting all the bechors (firstborn males) and “traded them” one for one with the Leviim, there were a number of bechors who were in excess over the Levi'im. Hashem commanded Moshe to redeem the remaining firstborns at a price of five shekels each and to then give the money to Aharon and his sons.

The passuk15 describes, “Moshe gave the money of those redeemed to Aharon and his sons according to the word of Hashem, as Hashem had commanded Moshe”. The Ohr Hachaim16 is bothered by what seems to be an unnecessary repetition in this passuk. Why does the passuk say that Moshe gave the money to Aharon according to the word of Hashem, and then proceed to say, “as Hashem commanded Moshe”?

The Ohr Hachaim writes that one could imagine how happy Moshe could have been when he was told to bring the large total of 1,365 shekels17 to his brother and nephews. Moshe was surely already Elazar and Isamar's favorite uncle, besides the fact he was their only uncle. Nonetheless, it is always a good feeling to be able to show up at a relative's house with surprise presents. Despite this normal sensation that one would have had if one were in Moshe's position, Moshe had no such feelings. The Ohr Hachaim explains that this is the reason why this passuk is being repetitive. The Torah is testifying about Moshe that the only happiness going through Moshe's head at the time was because of the fact that he had the privilege to carry out the ratzon Hashem.

This Ohr Hachaim is teaching us an incredible lesson. If there was anyone in history who devoted his life entirely to carrying out ratzon Hashem, it was Moshe rabbeinu. Yet, despite the fact that listening to Hashem's commands was a constant part of Moshe's daily life, there was no time which he allowed his personal interests or benefits to be the force behind why he would do a mitzva or how he would feel about carrying out ratzon Hashem. Even when it came to delivering a large unexpected gift to his own brother, the smile on his face was one which reflected his excitement of carrying out ratzon Hashem.

On the other side, however, the Orchos Tzadikkim18 brings19 the story of Elisha ben Avuah. At the time of Elisha ben Avuah's bris, his father made a seudah (meal) for all the chachomim (sages). As one could imagine, the guests were very chashuv (important) people - Rebbe Eliezer and Rebbe Yehoshua, just to name a few. During the seudah, these chachomim were engrossed in learning and eventually a real fire of Torah was formed around them. Elisha ben Avuah's father saw what was happening and exclaimed, “Have you come to burn my house?” The chachomim replied, “Do not worry, this is not a destructive fire. Rather it has just formed because of the intensity of our learning, and is testimony to the fact that the words of Torah we are saying are from Har Sinai, where the Torah was given to us in the midst of fire.” When Elisha ben Avuah's father heard this, he said, “Now that I have seen the power of Torah, if my son grows up healthy I will give him over to devote his time to learn.” The Orchos Tzadikkim writes that despite having the right idea, Elisha ben Avuah's father did so for the wrong reasons. He made his commitment based on what he considered to be a positive by-product of learning Torah, but that is not enough. For this reason, the story of the life of the great Elisha ben Avuah has the unfortunate chapters when he became a heretic.

Learning Torah and performing mitzvos only becomes real when it is joined with yiras Hashem and the desire to carry out Hashem's ratzon.20

The Kli Yakar21 writes that there is a marriage-like relationship between B'nei Yisroel and Hashem which began at Har Sinai when we received the Torah, and was sealed upon the completion of the Mishkan. We have the choice to keep this relationship at a minimum by performing mitzvos on autopilot, or to maximize this limitless opportunity by combining the two ingredients of realizing our own potential and doing so for the sole purpose of fulfilling ratzon Hashem.

The z'man (time) of Shavuos is not merely an anniversary celebrating a 332422 year old marriage, but rather a new marriage between us. May this year be a springboard to help us jump out of our routine and instead to be like Moshe and view each mitzva as an opportunity to fulfill ratzon Hashem. With this attitude we will be able to accomplish the positive sides of both halves of this week's haftorah – to strive to achieve our potential, thereby becoming privileged to Hashem's hashgacha p'ratis, and also to make sure that it is done solely for the purpose of fulfilling ratzon Hashem. It is not enough to be uncountable, it must be to infinity combined with something beyond; and it is not enough to be just another star, one must strive to be a shooting star.
1Bamidbar 1:1
2Shemos 12:37
3Shemos 32:35
4Bamidbar 1:1 Hashem counted the B'nei Yisroel on the first of the month of Iyar. This was exactly one month after the completion of the Mishkan – which was completed on the first of Nissan.
5Yoma 2:1
6Providing he was ahead by four amos
7Yoma 22b
8Hoshea 2:1
9See Rashi in Yoma 22b. Although we usually associate the number of grains of sand with infinity, the reality is that there is a finite number of grains of sand.
10Bamidbar Rabbah 2:18 and see Eitz Yosef there.
11Bamidbar 1:2
12See Tehillim 145:9
13See Derech Hashem 2:7 where he discusses astrological influences and how everyone is effected by the constellations unless one becomes close to Hashem.
14Bamidbar 3:46-47
15Bamidbar 3:51
16Ibid.
17Bamidbar 3:50
18Orchos Tzadikkim: Sha'ar HaTorah
19From the Gemara Yerushalmi Chagiga 2:1 and the Medrash Rabbah Koheles 7:18
20The Orchos Tzadikkim points out that the reality is that one cannot jump right into doing everything perfectly, and that indeed it is first necessary to learn and perform mitzvos - “shelo l'shma” (not for the pure sake). However, one must realize that that itself is a means and not an end.
21Bamidbar 1:1

22As of 5772

Photo Credit: Edited picture combination of http://www.creativityinstitute.com/fathead-74-74510-buzz-lightyear-toy-story-wall-graphic.aspx and http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.manhattangmat.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/meteor-shower.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.manhattangmat.com/blog/index.php/2013/04/29/inferring-from-the-meteor-stream-passage/&h=211&w=239&tbnid=2pzPJnDWzkGqLM:&zoom=1&q=meteoroids&tbnh=160&tbnw=181&usg=__uoTp5Ag83MH3qIhAHAUg0at5QNQ=&docid=2GP6RpicqGcT3M&itg=1&sa=X&ei=BKJ6U5TlJcensASVpYHACg&ved=0CJIBEPwdMAo

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